Within a computer system, electrical or magnetic interference from internal or external causes can cause a single bit of memory to spontaneously flip to the opposite state. If these two values differ, this indicates a data error, and at least one bit must have been changed due to data corruption. The parity value calculated from the stored data is then compared to the final parity value. Parity checking is the storage of an extra binary digit (bit) in order to represent the parity (odd or even) of a small amount of computer data (typically one byte) while that data is stored in memory. What is a processor or memory parity error? Recent improvements in hardware and software design reduce parity problems as well. This document describes soft and hard parity errors, explains common error messages, and recommends methods that help you avoid or minimize parity errors.
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